REFINING NICKEL ALLOY STEELS IN ACID OPEN HEARTH FURNACE.

Immersion Pyrometry and Open Hearth Furnace Productivity FASTER STEELMAKING AT RAVENSCRAIG

It is nowadays generally accepted that controlling the tapping temperature of steel by immersion pyrometry is an important means of improving steel quality. Broadly speaking, if the steel is too hot when tapped the ingots tend to crack, and if too cool they tend to suffer from “shell” on the surface and non-metallic inclusions beneath. From this point of view it is now simply a question of esta...

An Investigation of the Mechanical Properties of a Weldment of 7% Nickel Alloy Steels

Abstract: During the last decade, the demand for natural gas has steadily increased for the prevention of environmental pollution. For this reason, many liquefied natural gas (LNG) carriers have been manufactured. Since one of the most important issues in the design of LNG carriers is to guarantee structural safety, the use of low-temperature materials is increasing. Among commonly employed low...

Technological Indicators of Operation of the Rotating-hearth Furnace in Conditions of Discontinued Production

The technological process for manufacturing seamless steel tubes in the Sisak Rolling Mill includes the heating of the charge for processing in the hearth-rotating furnace. Description of the furnace and its operation can be found in literature 1 . In the process currently applied for producing the tubes with the outer diameter of 168.3–356.6 mm the temperature is between 1280 and 1300 °C 2 . T...

Modelling Simultaneous Alloy Carbide Sequence in Power Plant Steels

ε-carbide in Alloy Steels: First-principles Assessment

There is now a large volume of sophisticated steels which rely on silicon as an alloying addition with the purpose of avoiding the precipitation of cementite. But there is also evidence that the silicon can enhance the formation of ε–carbide; the mechanism of this effect is not understood and the absence of appropriate thermodynamic data makes it impossible to conduct calculations. We report he...